Floor covering and process of making same



Nov. 17, 1925. 1,562,384

C. M. TAYLOR FLOOR COVERING AND PROCESS OF MAKINQ, SAME Original Filed Jan. 19, 1922 reoxyuy far rne'oxn w 77M y which the following is ,Patented Nov. 1 7, 192 5.

UNITED STATES cALnn MARSHALL TAYLOR, or ELIZABETH,

NEW-JERSEY.

FLOOR COVERING AND PROCESS OI MAKING Application filed January 10, 1922, Serial No. 528,300. Renewed September 1, 1925.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CALEB MARSHALL TAY- LOR, a citizen of'the United States, residing at Elizabeth, in the county of Union and. State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Floor Coverings and Processes of Making Same, of

a specification.

This invention relates to floor coverings and to a process ofmaking the same. The floor covering provided is of that type known as felt base floor coverings and particularly such materials in whichan asphalt or bitumen impregnated base is used. The invention is also peculiarly adapted .for use incombination with all floor coverings which either thewear surface or the opposite face is formed of aint or other material containing linseed 011 or other oil, or any material subject tosaponification ,or removable under the action of 'soap and the usual floor cleaning materials.

Bitumen impregnated felt base floor coverings may be recognized by the main dark body which is particularly evident when the material is cut. The felt of such bases may be made from rags or from paper or any cellulose material, or from a mlxture of such imaterials, thoroughly impregnated -with asphalt or tar or some suitable bituminous material. When used as a supporting base j for floor covering it is the usual practice to coat-the bitumen-impregnated base with a layer of paint which is known as a sealing coat and often to apply various painted designs, all of which may be applied in any convenient manner. Also, a coat of paint is applied to the .0 posite or under surface of the impregnate baseto cover the dark and unsightly bitumen impregnated base.

For the manufacture of such bitumen impregnated bases-it has been found that the wear paint and the decorative paint may be come discolored due in part nature of the bitumen of the base. Also in drying the paint coats it is necessary to dry at relatively low temperatures and for a A; correspondingly long period, often as long as four or five days. A higher temperature and more rapid drying would tend to liquefy the bitumen'and delay proper drying of the paint and also discolorthe paint due to the release of materials fromthe base.

between adjacent surfaces when t to the inherent;

I and the structure baked at Thus a baking temperature of 175 F. or

more, such as is desirable for treating the paint coats,'is not advisable ing of such coated bases. After the present knownproduct is completed it is usually necessaryto lace paper e material in the usual dryis rolled or stacked in layers to adjacent painted surfaces from a is well known that all such painted sur' aces, and also that surface ofthe material known as linoleum'is worn away by the use of soapand water because of saponification by such revent theherin It cleaning materialson theoils the paint and linoleum.

The present invention "makes it ossible to use i the relatively inexpensive itumen impregnated felt base-without discoloration a, higher drying temperature for the paint of the wear or decorative paint coats, and H and to produce a more lasting finish on the t painted surface;

In producing the impregnated felt base A of this invention, the usual rolls of asphalt or bitumen impregnated felt maybe used.

A solution is prepared of a mixture of nitrocellulose and a' solvent therefor. ably the desired quantity of a semi-drying Preferor drying vegetable 'oil is added to the mix ture' as a softening medium. The solution is applied to one or both surfaces of the impregnated base asa sealin coat by anywell known coating process. The solution thus applied is quickly dried on the base. A suitable dryin temperature is approximately 140 F. T e impregnated base is thus pro-i vided with an impervious film which may be used wherever pregnated base would'nothave been acce t-' anordinary bitumen im-- 95 able before on account of the sticky, tar-like 5 nature of its materials.

' One or more paint coats a temperature of 175 F. or more to drythe paint and provide .the desired wearing surface. ing of impervious yroxylin over the felt base prevents the ark material from the base from discolorin the paint- 7- If desired the pro uct thus'p'repared may be coated with an outer transparent coating,

are then applied The coat-"1f I by weight of a -3 as" descr bed. and claimed in my'copen'di'ng.

application Serial No. 528,30l;

n theaccompanying drawing: Figure 1v illustrates an. enlarged. sectional view oila. felt base. 1 having an upper coat f ing2of-the-pyroxylin solution and if desiredan under coating 3 The invention thus far is described my copending. application.

of the same material: and. claimed in Serial No. 528,298. A paint 'coat' 4 is ap- 'plied on top of the-surface 2 and an outer decorative paint coat is indicated at 5.

ure'2 is-ra plan view' of the same. I Other cellulose. esters. than nitrocellulose,

such as acetyl cellulose,.may be used.

mixture for the solution.

Fig.-

combining such a mixture of. drying or semid rying vegetable oil and nitrocotton.

To such av mixture may be added 12 parts by weight of linseed oil or other semi-drying an. base; at

may beincorporated in or drying vegetable oil. 12 parts by weight off resimsuch as cumaron, kauri or camphor the mixture to advantage. 1 3

.To" the cellulose mixture maybe added a pigment color any amount. This results ma through the thickness of the film, a feature which is-newv in such cellulose coatings and particularly in floor coverings. This is to be contrasted. to the tinted. pyroxylin plastics such as'are applied by plastic working apparatus.

The sealing coat increases the tensile strength of the bitumen'saturated base about j nitrocellulose on said base,

The sealingcoat may be ad- 10- per cent;

applied to the impregnated vantageou'sly and'beforeshipment. The material possesses good: wearing qualities whether it is considered as an underneath coating 'or as an upperwear coat. A further advantage of the'use of the sealingcoat, particularly the coat on the back or under surface, is derived from. the fact that it prevents the discolor-' ing of the upper face of the finished goods when these are rolled up, or'otherwise come in contact with each other. ,The'sealing coat which is applied to the back may likewise carryenough pigment to give the desired shadeof color.= I p I claim 1. A floor covering comprising a bitumen impregnated feltbase', an imperforate coatcellulose-ester on said base, and a coating'of paint on said cellulose ester.

desired shade and, tinted film formed from asolution, as.contraste'd with a plastic material, in which the same shade extends the felt impregnating factory v the. base and, coatings- .nated felt base with 2.. A floor covering; comprisinga bitumen. impregnated. felt base", ing. of a mixture of atc'ellulose ester and a"; softening medium on said-i base, and a coats ing of paint on said cellulose ester 3. A floor covering comprisinga. bitumen:

impregnated felt base, an imperforate coatsing offnitrocellulosezon said base, .andla: coat. ing of paint on' saidl nitrocellulose: coating. 4. A floor covering; comprisingxai bitumen impregnated felt. base, an. im erforate': coat; ing of a mixture ofnitro'ce'llu oseandia sofl' tening. medium. on. said base; and:v a: coating of paint on said nitrocellulose. coating. 5. A-floor coveringcomprisingabitumeni impregnated. felt base, an; imperforate" coating' of a mixture of. nitrocelluloseand arresin. on said-base, and a coating;of'paint;0n=saidl nitrocellulose coating.

6. A floor coveringcomprisin I a= .bitumen an impercrate-coat.-

impregnated felt base,- ing of a mixture of nitrocellulose,-,a resin, and a vegetable oil, anda coating of paint on said nitrocellulose coating; 4

7 A floor covering comprising: a bitumen impregnated felt base, an: imperforate; coat ing of a mixture of celluloseester, and a. resin on said base, and a. coating; of paint on said cellulose ester coating.

8. A floor covering. comprising'abitumen. impregnated fcltba'se, an. imperforate coating of a mixture of cellulose" ester, .a. resin,

and a vegetable'oil, and a coatingofi paint;

on said cellulose'ester'coating.

9. A floor coveringcomprising-ja bitumen impregnated base, an: iinperforate coating" of a cellulose ester'on saidlhasmandia1coatiing ofpaint on said cellulose ester.

10. A floor coveringic'omprising axbitumen impregnated base, an imperforate coating-of a cellulose ester on said. base, and: a baked coating of paint on said. cellulose ester.

comprisin'g'a bitumen 11. A floorcovering impregnated base, an imperforate'coating. of and-fa. coat i'ngaof paint on said-nitrocellulosecoat=..

1 2. The processof making floor. coverings which comprises coating: n bitumen impreg+ nated felt base with: a':. solution. of! a cellulbse ester, drying said solution, and? applying to said dried surfaces. coat of pa-int.

an; imperforate coat 13. The process oflmaking. floor coverings which. com rises coating-t a bitumen nnpreg nated felt ase witha solution of. acellulose ester, drying said solution, applying. to said dried surface a coatofipaint, and subjecting approximately 140F-l 14., The pffmakingfloor coverings coat.

to a temperature of I applying to said 15. The process of making floor coverings which comprises coating 3, bitumenimpregnated felt base with a solution of a cellulose ester, which solution contains approximately 12 parts by weight of the cellulose ester and 88 parts of solvent, drying said solution, and dried surface a coat of paint.

16. The process of making floor coverings which comprises coating a bitumen impregnated felt base with a mixture in solution of a cellulose ester and a softening .medium, which solution contains approximately 12 parts by Weight of cellulose ester, 88 parts of solvent, and 12 parts of softening medium, drying said solution, and applying to said dried surface a coat of paint.

17. The process of making floor coverings which comprises coating a bitumen impregnated felt base with a mixture in solution of a cellulose ester, which solution contains approximately 12 parts by weight of cellulose ester, 88 parts of a, solvent thereof, and 12 parts of a resin, drying said solution, and applying to said dried surface a coat of paint.

18. The process of making floor coverings which comprises coating a bitumen impreg nated felt base with a, mixture in solution of a cellulose ester, which solution contains approximately 12 parts by weight of a cellulose ester, 88 parts of a solvent thereof, 12 parts of a resin, and 12 parts of a vegetable oil, drying said solution, and applying to said dried surface a coat of paint.

19. The process of making floor coverings which comprises coating a bitumen impregnated felt base with a solution of nitrocellulose, drying said solution, and applying to said dried surface a coat of paint.

20. The process of making floor coverings which comprises coating a bitumen impregnated felt base with a solution of nitrocellusolution, applying to said dried surface a coat of paint and subjecting the base' and coatings to a temperature. of approximately 140 F.

21. The process of making floor coverings which comprises coating a bitumen impregnated felt base with a mixture in solution of nitrocellulose and a softening medium,

drying said solution, applying to said dried throughout with a flexible filling material, an imperforate coating of which comprises coating a bitumen impregnated felt base with a mixture in solution of nitrocellulose and asoftening medium, which weight of nitrocellulose, 88 parts of solvent,

- and 12 parts'of softening medium, drying said solution, and: applying to said dried surface a coat of paint. 24. The process of making floor coverings which comprises coating a bitumen impregnated base with a solution of nitrocellulose drying said solution, and applying to said dried surface a coat of paint.

25. The process of making floor coverings which comprises coating a bitumen impregnated base with a solution of nitrocellulose, drying said solution, applying to said dried surface a coat of paint, and subjecting said base and coatings to proximately 140 F. s

26. The process of making floor coverings which comprises coating a bitumen impregnated base with a solution of a cellulose ester, drying said solution, applying to said dried surface a coat of paint, and subjecting said base and coatings to a baking temperature to harden the surface of the paint coat.

27. A smooth surface floor covering comprisinga porous base impregnated with afiexible bitumen saturant filling material, an imperforate coating of a film of a cellulose ester on said base, and a coating of paint on said cellulose ester film.

28. A smooth surface floor covering'comprising a porous fibrous base impregnated a film of a cellulose ester on said base, and a coating of paint on said cellulose ester film. In testimon whereof I afiix my signature.

CALEl MARSHALL TAYLOR.

solution contains approximately 12 parts by] a temperature of apbitumen saturant 

